2006年12月1日 星期五

Fresh Beginning for Christian Theology

"A fresh 'begirining has been made. Let' us work together for a creative theological community in Asia!" With these words and with this call the consultation on"Doing Theology'with Cultures in ASia''. ,that inaugurated the Programme for Theology and Cultlires inAsia, heldat'KansaiSeminar House in Kyoto, July 7-11, concluded its week-long meeting. The' consultation was not just another ecumenical gathering; it was an intense theological interaction focused on doing Christian theology with cultural heritages of Asia. It was not merely' one,more.'international meeting; it.'wasan~n~depth .sean:h for the ways in which Christians iil Asia should be engaged ind()ing' Christian theology in the part of the world largely alien to' "Christian culture". Nor was it meant to be a theological conference preoccupied with concepts, ideas, and norms; it was engaged in c,reative. living theology for today and tomorrow in AS,ia. And it anticipated theological interacting between Asia and the rest of theyvorld, not in terms defined and shaped by theology in the West but with the fruits of theological 'labour done in Asia.

This inaugural consultation recognised the creative theology d'one in the past, seeking to be rooted in Asian soil, but strongly felt the need for fresh beginnings for the future. Just as the political history of most countries in Asia, Christian theology had had a long colonial history. It has seldom become "flesh", that is, it has not penetrated below the surface of the histories, cultures and daily lives of women, men and children in Asia. It has ' often slavishly followed theologies brought to the shores of Asia by evangelists, missionaries and teachers from the West. Often it has been an imitation theology, translation theology, "discarnate" theology. Thinking Christians in Asia have been for sonie time acutely aware of this, embarrassed by it, agonizing over it. Changes have to be made. Breakthroughs have to be found. And ways must be designed for theology to wrestle with what Jesus means for Asian peoples, with what God has been doing in the countries of Asia with rich human and cultural resources. This is a fresh beginning in Christian theology, theology not dictated by western theology, but by what has been disclosed and yet to be disclosed in the Bible, by lived and living experiences of peoples and nations of Asia. ,

The main question is how to bring about this fundamental theological reorientation. In struggling with this question, the consultation proved to be a real turning-point for the development of Christian theology in Asia. The key to the question of how, the consultation concluded, was to be found in the "resources in Asia" - resources related to the lives of people, resources from cultures, religions, histories, in short, resources that reveal the struggles and aspirations of peoples and nations of Asia throughout the centuries. Such resources, abundant and varied, deeply rooted in Asian humanity, hold the key to cre3:tive living theology in Asia. To affirm these resources as integral parts not only of Asians but of Asian Christians is the beginning of Christian theology in Asia. Wrestling with these resources of our own biblically and theologically in critical ways must be centr~l to theological efforts today and in the coming days in Asia.

It is to fa:cilitak this doing of Christian theology with resources in Asia that the consultation gave birth to "THE PROGRAMME FOR THEOLOGY AND CULtuRES IN ASIA (PTCA)".lt established four basic thrusts for PICA in the coming years:

1. to help equip younger theologians and church leaders, women and men, lay and clergy, in a theological reorientation for their various ministries.

2. to recover our own cultural and spiritual resources in Asian countries and make these available for the doing of living theology in Asia.

3. to promote creative, indigenous theological writing within the concrete experiences and heritages of Asia area.

4. to facilitate active theological interactions within Asia and between Asia and other parts of the world.

To put these four basic thrusts into practice, the consultation also affirmed steps to be taken and actions to be followed such as: strengthening the network of theological efforts and partnership, stimulating imagination for new patterns and methods for doing theology locally, facilitating the emergency of theology from women's perspectives, bringing about theological expressions from minority groups, and discerning and drawing insights and aspirations from people in struggle. And of course annual seminar-workshops that began in 1983 will be continued, focusing on such areas of concern as symbols and images in Asian cultures, spiritual life, contextual preaching, the Bible and its authority, and so on.

The inaugural consultation thus marked a very significant signpost in the development of Christian theology in Asia. It also foresees genuine theological interactions within Asia, between south and north and between east and west. It was a consultation built on the intensive work of the preceding years, directed to urgent tasks of today and prepared to launch into the future with plans to be implemented. Contributing to the vision, direction and actions of the consultation were some fifty participants, mostly from Asia along with some from Africa, Europe and North America. Their enthusiasm, wisdom and commitment made it possible for PTCA to become a reality and for a new theological era in Asia to begin. .

The PTCA thus inaugurated at Kansai Seminar House will be a mobile programme reaching out to strategic places in Asia to carry out its plans and offer its services. It has already received strong support from some ecumenical bodies and partners. Directly involved in PTCA at this stage are the South East Asia Graduate School of Theology, the School of Theology, Doshisha University, in Kyoto, and the Pacific School of Religion in Berkeley, California. PTCA is also· made possible by the cooperation of the Association for Theological Education in South East Asia (ATESEA), the Korean Association of Accredited Theological Schools (KAATS), Kansai Seminar House (Nippon Christian Academy) and Council for Mission Ecumenical Cooperation (NZ). Working relationships are being established with the Christian Conference of Asia, the Northeast Asia Association of Theological Schoois, the Board of Theological Education of the Senate of the Serampore College (India) and the AssoCiation of Christian Institutes of Social Concern in Asia !ACISCA). PI'CA also wishes to be related to the countries and churches in £he Pacific and other regions.

In inaugurating the Programme for Theology and Cultures· in Asia, the consultation expressed its commitment to "concentrated joint efforts for the formation of living theology and to the growth of a creative theological community in Asia" and beyond Asia.

Choan-seng Song

Professor of Theology

Pacific School . of Theology and

The South East Asia Graduate School,

Dean, Programme for Theology and . Cultures in Asia

July 15, 1987

Communique of Inaugural Consultation

Our aim, affirmed atthe Inaugural Consultation in Kyoto, July 7 - 11, 1987 is "to strengthen through concentrated joint efforts the formation of living theology and to facilitate the growth of a creative theological community in Asia." In Doing Theology with resources in Asia, we are also firmly committed to solidarity in the causes of peace and justice in the region. In order to realise this aim We are committed to:

1. helping equip younger theologians c;tnd church leaders, women and men, lay and clergy, in a theological reorientation for their various. ministries

2. recovering our own cultural and spiritual resources in Asian countries and making these available for the doing of living theology in Asia

3. promoting creative, indigenous theological writing within the concrete experiences and heritages of the Asian area

4~ facilitating active theological interactions within Asia and between Asia and other parts of the world. The Programme for Theology and Cultures in Asia is not designed to establish a new organisational structure, but:

to strengthen a network for theological efforts and partnership,

to provide a base for a mobile programming throughout the region,

to stimulate activity for new patterns and methods for doing theology locally,

to serve regional associations of theological schools and seminaries,

to stimulatecomlllon efforts among Christians in Asia to be effective agents for the. mission of God in the region and in the world,

to facilitate the emergence of theology from women's perspectives,

to bring about theological expressions from minority groups, and

to discern the insights and aspirations of people in struggle.

The Asian Setting Despite the diverse and unique features of life in Asian countries, and their rich racial, linguistic and cultural heritages and historical backgrounds, Christians in this area have long looked to . the West for leadership and for theological in sights, neglecting their own resources in culture, history, and spiritual expression. .

With an extensive ground-work laid before the Inaugural Consultation, which was held at Kansai Seminar House in Kyoto, Japan 7 - 11, 1987, the Programme for Theology and Cultures in Asia· has awakened among the 133 participants the awareness that God has always worked and is still working in Asia today, providing gifts of resources for discipleship and theological dynamics for mission. It· was affirmed by the gathering that it is crucial to act on this awareness and to be imaginative in cultivating the resources we have so that there will be an authentic living theology firmly rooted in the concrete life of all Asian societies and histories.

Doing Theology in Asia, The phenomenon of Asian ways of doing theology is not a recent one for there has been unique theological thinking and exploration in th~ past. But the dominant . influence of Western · theologies has often . created a blockage to indigenous theologyandat times hampered creative efforts for liVIng theology in our own ways, style and method. Theological minds in the region were not meeting other thoughts and realities within the area, but tended to look westward for growth, for appreciation and stimulation. .

The groundwork of the Programme can be traced to 1983 when the first theological seminary-workshop was held in cooperation with the Ecumenical Study Centre at TaoFong Shan in Hong Kong, in search for ways of doing theology with Asian resources; Another workshop the following year focused its attention on doing theology with folk literature; The third workshop was held in Kyoto on doing theology with people's movemeritsand the fourth workshop dealt with. doing theology with the. religions of Asia. In each case participants prepared . papers beforehand and worked intensively upon them during the seminar-workshop. Selections were later published in the East Asia Journal of Theology (BAJaI'), and Association for Theological Education in South East Asia (ATESEA) Occasional Papers; .

These workshops provided partiCipants with opportunities for in-depth study and theological reflection upon the realities .of Asia today. There were also opportunities for finding new comrades and partners in Christ for future interaction and theological grappling. The almost 100 participants are now dispersed over many parfsCif Asia, engaged in doing liviIig theology locally. The Programme itself will be . co-ordina~ed initially in Kyoto and Singapore with activities also based in Jogjakarta and Hong Kong. Related Partners. Ecumenical bodies and organisaticms are thus important bases for this Programme. Involved in the Programine at this · stage are:

The South East Asia Graduate School of Theology

The School of Theology, Doshisha University

The Pacific School of Religion

The Association for TheologicalEducation in South East .Asia (ATESEA)

The Korean AssoCiation of Accredited Theological Schools (KAATS) ,

Kansai Seminar House (Nippon Christian Academy)

Council for Mission and Ecumenical Cooperation (New Zealand)

Association of Christian Institutes for Social Concern in Asia (ACISCA)

Asian Christian Art AssoCiation (ACAA) . :'

Working relationships are now being established with the. Christian Conference of Asia, the Northeast Asia Association of Theological Schools, the Board of Theological Education of the Senate of the Serampore College (India) as well as other ecumenical bodies. But the catalytic function of the Programme will be important not only for Asian countries and churches but also for Pacific and other regions.

Future Work

The Inaugural Consultation called for bold and extensive cultivation and exploration of Asian cultural heritages and resources in order to appropriate the freshness and imaginative approach of Jesus Christ to people in response to their needs and creativities. Some 50 people from 15 countries, lay and clergy, women and men, Catholic and Protestant, were present at the Inuagural Consultation. One of the joys shared by the participants was the arrival of Korean delegates on time for a full presence, at a time of the people's struggle for democratization in Korea. Future programme will include annual seminar workshops in various parts of the region, the first of which will be held in Jogjakarta, Indonesia, May 29 - June 12,1988, with the theme: Doing Theology with People's Symbols/Images in Asia. This begins the Second Series. Other theological seminar workshops will deal with spiritual life and empowerment, history and mission, creative forms of preaching, the Bible, and so on. Smaller work groups will be involved in research and writing projects and the Programme also plans to ()ffer consultative services. A fresh beginning has been made. Let us· work together for a creative theological· community in Asia.

July 11, 1987 in Kyoto

Founding Associations-members

Association for Theological Education in South East Asia (ATESEA).

South Asia Theological Research Institute Board of Theological Education of the Senate of Serampore College (West Bengal, India; SATHRI BTE-SSC).

Northeast Asia Association of Theological Schools (Korea, NEAATS).

School of Theology at Doshisha University (Japan).

Pacific School of Religion (GTU, California, USA).

South East Asia Graduate School of Theology (SEAGST).

Christian Conference of Asia (CCA).

Kansai Seminar House at Nippon Christian Academy;

Council for Mission and Ecumenical Cooperation (New Zealand).

Association of Christian Institutes for Social Concern in Asia (ACISCA).

Asian Christian Art Association (ACAA).